Psychology MCAT Practice Exam

In perception, what is the term for the ability to recognize shapes despite changes in dimension or orientation?

1. Color constancy

2. Size constancy

3. Shape constancy

4. Brightness constancy

The correct answer is: Shape constancy

The ability to recognize shapes despite changes in dimension or orientation is referred to as shape constancy. This concept in perception allows individuals to perceive an object as having the same shape even when it is viewed from different angles or distances, leading to changes in the visual projection of that shape onto the retina. For instance, when you look at a door, it appears to be rectangular regardless of whether it's open or closed, or if you’re viewing it from the front or side. Your brain processes these variations and maintains the perception of the door’s shape, illustrating shape constancy in action. In contrast, color constancy pertains to the ability to perceive the color of an object consistently even under varying lighting conditions. Size constancy deals with the perception of an object's size as constant despite changes in distance from the observer. Brightness constancy refers to the perception of an object's brightness to remain constant despite changes in illumination. Each of these constancies addresses different perceptual aspects, but shape constancy specifically relates to the recognition of an object's shape regardless of perspective, which is why it is the correct answer.