Psychology MCAT Practice Exam

What is a key characteristic of body dysmorphic disorder?

1. Fear of social situations

2. Severe flaws in one's appearance perception

3. Excessive focus on body weight and shape

4. Compulsive hair-pulling behaviors

The correct answer is: Severe flaws in one's appearance perception

A key characteristic of body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) is the severe flaws in one's perception of appearance. Individuals with BDD are preoccupied with perceived defects or flaws in their physical appearance, which are often unnoticeable to others. This preoccupation can lead to significant distress and impairment in social, occupational, or other areas of functioning. People with BDD may spend extensive amounts of time on behaviors aimed at fixing or hiding their perceived flaws, such as checking mirrors, excessive grooming, or seeking reassurance from others. It's important to understand that this perception is not aligned with reality; the flaws that the individual sees themselves as having are often exaggerated or imagined. While fear of social situations can be related to BDD, particularly if the individual fears judgment based on their appearance, it is not a defining feature of the disorder itself. Similarly, excessive focus on body weight and shape is more characteristic of eating disorders, and compulsive hair-pulling behaviors are associated with trichotillomania rather than BDD. Thus, the correct answer emphasizes the distorted perception of physical appearance that defines body dysmorphic disorder.