Psychology MCAT Practice Exam

What is the primary characteristic of variable interval reinforcement schedules?

1. Reinforcement after a set number of behaviors

2. Reinforcement follows random time intervals

3. Continuous reinforcement after every response

4. Reinforcement follows precise, regular intervals

The correct answer is: Reinforcement follows random time intervals

Variable interval reinforcement schedules are characterized by the reinforcement occurring after a variable amount of time has passed, rather than after a specific number of responses or at fixed intervals. This means that the time between reinforcements can vary greatly, leading to unpredictable reinforcement opportunities. This type of schedule creates a high level of response consistency. Since the exact timing of reinforcement is uncertain, individuals learn to respond at a moderate and steady rate, as their behavior is maintained by anticipation of a reward that can come at any moment. The pattern of response tends to be less predictable compared to fixed interval schedules, where individuals may respond more frequently as they approach the time when they expect reinforcement. The nature of variable interval schedules effectively keeps individuals engaged in the behavior because they do not know when they will be rewarded next, which enhances the persistence of the behavior over time.