Psychology MCAT Practice Exam

What is the primary concern of Erikson's stages of development?

1. Psychosexual conflicts

2. Cognitive development

3. Social and interpersonal factors

4. Behavioral responses

The correct answer is: Social and interpersonal factors

Erikson's stages of development primarily focus on social and interpersonal factors, emphasizing the importance of relationships and social contexts throughout the lifespan. Erik Erikson proposed eight stages, each characterized by a specific conflict or crisis that individuals must resolve to develop a healthy personality and establish a sense of identity. These crises involve interpersonal relationships and societal roles, highlighting how social interactions influence personal development. For example, in the early stages, the conflict revolves around trust versus mistrust, where the infant’s interactions with their caregivers determine their ability to develop trust in others. As individuals progress through the stages, they encounter challenges that are significantly shaped by their social environment, such as developing autonomy, forming intimate relationships, and establishing a sense of identity. This perspective underscores the impact of social relationships and culture on individual development, making social and interpersonal factors central to Erikson’s theory.