Psychology MCAT Practice Exam

What method in problem-solving is characterized by a complete solution emerging all at once?

1. Heuristic

2. Algorithm

3. Trial-and-error

4. Insight

The correct answer is: Insight

The method characterized by a complete solution emerging all at once is referred to as insight. This phenomenon occurs when an individual suddenly becomes aware of the solution to a problem, often after a period of contemplation or incubation. It signifies a moment of clarity where the person can see the relationships between elements of the problem, leading to an immediate understanding and resolution. This process is distinct from other problem-solving methods. For instance, heuristics involve rules of thumb or shortcuts to simplify decision-making, often leading to quick but not necessarily complete solutions. Algorithms are step-by-step procedures guaranteed to produce a correct solution if followed correctly, but they may be more systematic and time-consuming rather than sudden. Trial-and-error involves repeatedly testing different solutions until the correct one is identified, which is generally a more gradual process than the sudden realization associated with insight. Thus, the nature of insight reflects a unique cognitive experience, where the solution crystallizes in the mind seemingly out of nowhere, providing a complete answer instantly.