Psychology MCAT Practice Exam

Which concept refers to the eventual return to a neutral state after experiencing an intense emotion?

1. Opponent process theory

2. Emotional regulation

3. Homeostatic balance

4. Motivational theory

The correct answer is: Opponent process theory

The concept that describes the eventual return to a neutral state after experiencing an intense emotion is known as opponent process theory. This theory posits that emotional responses are often followed by opposing reactions to help stabilize emotional states. For example, after experiencing happiness or excitement, an individual might later feel a period of sadness or a neutral mood to balance the initial intense emotion. This mechanism highlights the body's innate ability to maintain equilibrium through these emotional contrasts. In understanding the other concepts, emotional regulation involves the processes that individuals use to influence their emotions, but it does not specifically address the return to a neutral state following intense emotions. Homeostatic balance refers to the body's overall maintenance of internal stability and might relate to physiological states more than emotional ones. Motivational theory focuses on what drives individuals to act or behave in certain ways rather than detailing the emotional responses and their aftereffects. Thus, opponent process theory uniquely encapsulates the cycle of emotional intensity followed by a return to neutrality.