Psychology MCAT Practice Exam

Which of the following best describes the function of the phonological loop in working memory?

1. Processing visual and spatial information

2. Maintaining auditory information through rehearsal

3. Executing physical movement tasks

4. Organizing long-term memories

The correct answer is: Maintaining auditory information through rehearsal

The phonological loop is a component of Baddeley and Hitch's model of working memory specifically designed to process and maintain auditory information. Its primary function involves the temporary storage and rehearsal of sounds and words, which allows individuals to hold onto verbal information long enough to use it, such as memorizing a phone number or following spoken instructions. This component operates by using phonological coding, where auditory information is mentally repeated (rehearsed) to prevent it from decaying. The loop enables essential processes like language comprehension, learning new vocabulary, and active listening, reinforcing the significance of auditory information in cognitive tasks. Other options focus on different aspects of memory. The option related to processing visual and spatial information pertains more to the visuo-spatial sketchpad, another component of working memory. The execution of physical movement tasks refers to motor functions, which are outside the scope of the phonological loop. Lastly, organizing long-term memories typically involves different memory systems, not the specific function of the phonological loop. Thus, the emphasis on maintaining auditory information through rehearsal accurately captures the role and function of the phonological loop in the framework of working memory.